Linux Directory Structure — Lesson 2

The Power Of Linux

1- /root

The administrative user’s home directory.

2- /home

Home directories for all users to store their personal files.

3- /etc

The configuration files that are required by all programs located under this directory. contains startup and shutdown shell scripts that are used to start/stop individual programs. similar to those in the Control Panel in Windows.

4- /dev

Contains device files and CPU hardware, which are represented as files with special properties.

5- /tmp

Contains temporary files created by system and users. Files in this directory are cleaned upon reboot, so don’t use this for saving any work.

6- /usr

Contains binaries, libraries, documentation, and source-code for all user-related programs.

7- /var

Storage for all variable files and temporary files created by users. var stands for variable files. system log files (/var/log); packages and DB files (/var/lib); emails located in (/var/mail); print queues located in (/var/spool); lock files under (/var/lock).

8- /proc

Contains information about system processes and resources.

• $meminfo

• $filesystems Current file systems supported by the kernel.

• $ devices Device drivers configured for the running kernel.

• $cmdline Kernel command line information.

• $consoles current consoles including tty.

• $dma current DMA channels.

• $fb Framebuffer devices.

• $iomem Current system memory map for devices.

• $ioports Registered port regions for input output communication with device.

• $loadavg System load average.

• $locks Files currently locked by kernel.

• $misc Miscellaneous drivers registered for miscellaneous major device.

• $modules Currently loaded kernel modules.

• $mounts List of all mounts in use by your system

• $stat Record or various statistics kept from last reboot.

• $uptime Uptime information (in seconds).

• $version Kernel version, gcc version, and Linux distribution installed.

9- /sbin

System Binaries, only used by the System administrators for system maintenance purpose.

10- /boot

Boot Loader Files, The startup files and the kernel

11- /lib

System Libraries

12- /opt

opt stands for optional.Contains add-on applications from individual vendors and third party software.

13- /mnt

Temporary mount directory where sysadmins can mount filesystems,e.g. a CD-ROM or a digital camera.

14- /media

Removable Media Devices.

15- /bin

User Binaries

16- /srv

The srv is stands for service data.

Please add your comments or send an email to the author at yamors01@louisville.edu. See you next lesson(3)